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With the increasing production activities of people in water transportation, oil exploration and development, and marine fisheries, the risk of oil spills continues to increase. The environmental problems caused by seawater oil pollution have received more and more attention. How to deal with marine oil pollution and protect the marine environment? Recently, the "Petroleum Degrading Bacteria", which was successfully developed by the Naval Medical Research Institute and Fudan University, has passed the expert appraisal. After many sea trials, it can successfully degrade the marine oil.
They started from the perspective of bioremediation, and after many experiments, 25 kinds of petroleum-degrading strains were successfully cultured from oil-contaminated seawater, and 4 high-efficiency petroleum-degrading strains and high-producing surfactant strains were selected and constructed. Efficient mixing and degrading flora. Then, using small yellow rice, composite chitosan and calcium alginate with expansion, suspension, degradability and other characteristics as a carrier, combined with mixed degrading bacteria, oil-contaminated bio-enhanced treatment and repairing agent, petroleum hydrocarbon The degradation rate can reach more than 90%, far exceeding the degradation rate and effect of seawater itself. On the basis of the success of the laboratory, they have carried out oil pollution degradation tests in various sea areas many times. In the seawater containing 200 ml of diesel oil per square meter and oil ratio of 95:5 oil, the bioremediation treatment of the bacteria is put into the oil. Within a few hours, the oil degradation rate reached more than 93%. According to researcher Shen Xianrong, the project leader and director of a research office at the Naval Medical Research Institute, this bio-enhanced treatment and repair system (bacterial agent) can directly degrade marine oil into carbon dioxide and water without any pollution to the environment. The system itself is processing. After the oil is finished, it can be degraded automatically within a few days without recycling, and it will not cause secondary pollution.
It is understood that the successful development of petroleum-degrading bacteria has made China a leading position in the field of marine oil pollution control, and has a good application prospect for bio-remediation and control of marine oil pollution. It is important for the restoration and treatment of various types of oil pollution at sea. significance.