Introduction and Analysis of 12 Latest Industrial Wastewater Treatment Technologies

: China's treatment of wastewater pollution started relatively late with that of developed countries in the West. Based on the experiences of foreign advanced treatment technologies and taking the national key scientific and technological issues as a platform, a large number of new wastewater treatment technologies were introduced and developed. Some of the projects Has reached the international advanced level. The commissioning of these new technologies has played a crucial role in alleviating the serious water pollution in China and improving the water environment.

The following is the latest 12 kinds of industrial wastewater treatment technology introduction and analysis

Organized by the world of water, this article is based in part on: The German Association of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology.

Membrane Technology

Membrane separation method commonly used microfiltration, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis and other technologies. As membrane technology does not introduce other impurities in the process of treatment, can achieve the separation of macromolecules and small molecules, it is commonly used in the recovery of various macromolecular raw materials, such as the use of ultrafiltration technology to recycle printing and dyeing wastewater polyvinyl alcohol slurry. At present, the main difficulties in promoting the application of membrane technology engineering are the high cost, short life span, easy contamination and scale fouling. With the development of membrane production technology, membrane technology will be more and more applications in the field of wastewater treatment.

Iron and carbon micro-electrolysis treatment technology

Iron-carbon micro-electrolysis is the use of Fe / C primary battery reaction principle of waste water for the treatment of good technology, also known as electrolysis, iron filings and so on. Ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis is a combination of electrochemical redox, electrochemical enrichment of flocs, coagulation of electrochemical reaction products, adsorption of freshwater flocs, and bed filtration, among which the main effects Redox and electric attachment and aggregation. When iron filings are immersed in waste water containing a large amount of electrolytes, numerous tiny galvanic cells are formed. After the coke is added to the iron filings, contact between the iron filings and the coke particles further forms large primary batteries, so that the iron chips are subjected to corrosion on the primary batteries On the other hand, it was corroded by Ohara batteries and accelerated the electrochemical reaction. This method has a wide range of applications, treatment effect is good, long life, low cost and easy operation and maintenance, and many other advantages, and the use of scrap iron as raw material, do not consume power resources, with "waste management" significance. At present, iron carbon micro-electrolysis technology has been widely used in printing and dyeing, pesticides / pharmaceuticals, heavy metals, petrochemicals and oil and other waste water and landfill leachate treatment, and achieved good results.

Fenton and Fenton-like oxidation

The typical Fenton reagent is catalyzed by Fe2 + H2O2 decomposition generated? H, which led to the oxidative degradation of organic matter. Due to the long time required to treat wastewater with Fenton process, the amount of reagent used is large, and excess Fe2 + will increase the COD in the treated wastewater and cause secondary pollution. In recent years, people introduced UV light and visible light into Fenton system and studied the use of other transition metals instead of Fe2 +. These methods can significantly enhance the oxidative degradation of organic substances by Fenton reagent, reduce the dosage of Fenton reagent and reduce the processing cost, collectively referred to as Fenton reaction. The Fenton method has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, simple equipment and wide application range; it can be applied as a separate treatment technology or combined with other methods such as coagulation sedimentation, activated carbon, biological treatment and the like, Degradation of organic wastewater pretreatment or depth treatment methods.

Ozone oxidation

Ozone is a kind of strong oxidant, which is fast and easy to use when reacting with reduced pollutants. It does not produce secondary pollution. It can be used for disinfection, color removal, deodorization, organic removal and COD reduction of sewage. Ozone oxidation alone, high cost, high processing costs, and its oxidation selectivity, for some halogenated hydrocarbons and pesticides, such as relatively poor oxidation. Therefore, in recent years, related technologies have been developed to improve the efficiency of ozone oxidation. The combination of UV / O3, H2O2 / O3 and UV / H2O2 / O3 can not only improve the oxidation rate and efficiency, but also oxidize the ozone alone Hard to oxidative degradation of organic matter. Due to the low solubility of ozone in water, low efficiency of ozone generation and high energy consumption, it increases the solubility of ozone in water and increases the utilization rate of ozone. Therefore, developing an ozone generator with high efficiency and low energy consumption has become the main research direction.

Magnetic separation technology

Magnetic separation technology is a new type of water treatment technology developed in recent years that utilizes the magnetic separation of impurity particles in wastewater. For non-magnetic or weakly magnetic particles in water, magnetic inoculation can be used to make them magnetic. Magnetic separation technology for wastewater treatment has three methods: direct magnetic separation, indirect magnetic separation and microbial - magnetic separation. The magnetic technology currently studied mainly includes magnetic agglomeration technology, iron salt co-precipitation technology, iron powder method and ferrite method. Representative magnetic separation devices are disk magnetic separators and high-gradient magnetic filters. At present, the magnetic separation technology is still in the laboratory research stage and can not be applied to actual engineering practice.

Wet (catalytic) oxidation

Wet (catalytic) oxidation is the use of O2 or air as the oxidant (added catalyst) under high temperature (150 ~ 350 ℃), high pressure (0.5 ~ 20MPa) Organic or reduced inorganic, to achieve the purpose of removing pollutants. Wet air (catalytic) oxidation can be applied to the treatment of municipal sludge and industrial wastewater such as acrylonitrile, coking, printing and dyeing, and pesticide wastewater containing phenol, chlorocarbon, organic phosphorus and organic sulfur compounds.

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